You will find here vocabulary and/or phrases under the following topics.
|
top management positions in the USA and UK |
|
contracts |
|
import/export |
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|
prepositional phrases |
TOP MANAGEMENT POSITIONS IN THE USA and UK
| Title (USA) | Title (UK) | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| Chief Executive Officer (CEO) | President | This person is be the driving force behind the company; he or she makes things happen, puts together the resources to support the company and takes the product to the market place. |
| Chief Operating Officer (COO) | General Manager (MD) | Whether called an organizer, an inside manager or an operations person, this person is the one who makes sure company operations flow smoothly and economically. He or she is responsible for making certain that necessary work is done properly and on time. An understanding of details of the business and an enjoyment of handling details are necessary. |
| Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) | Marketing Manager | Few businesses can be successful without marketing their products to the customer. The individual in this slot must have both marketing and industry experience. |
| Chief Financial Officer (CFO) | Controller | You may wish to establish two positions or combine both roles into one. The responsibility of one role is to seek money; that is, to look for investors and deal with banks, lenders, etc. This function also could be assigned to another team member, such as the CEO/MD. The responsibility in the Controller role is to manage money and watch over the assets of the company. It is not uncommon to have the same individual seek money and manage money. |
| Chief Product Officer (CPO) | Production Manager | He or she is responsible for production of a company. |
CONTRACTS
| Vocabulary | Definitions |
|---|---|
| agreement (n) | an arrangement between two or more people, countries etc; contract |
| appendix (n) | additional or supplementary material at end of contract, book etc |
| arbitration (n) | settlement of a dispute by a person chosen by both parties |
| article (n) | a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc; clause |
| clause (n) | a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc; article |
| condition (n) | anything necessary before the performance of something else |
| force majeure (n) | superior, power; unforeseeable event excusing one party from fulfilling contract |
| fulfil (BrE); fulfill (AmE) | to satisfy a condition; to complete the required task |
| herein (adv) | in here; in this (document etc) |
| hereinafter (adv) | in the following part (of this document etc) |
| hereto (adv) | to this (document etc) [eg: attached hereto] |
| heretofore (adv) | up until now; until the present; before this |
| on behalf of (BrE); in behalf of (AmE) | in the interests of (person etc); for (person etc) |
| null and void | invalid; without legal force; not binding |
| party (n) | the person or persons forming one side of an agreement |
| stipulate (v) | to specify as an essential condition |
| terms (n) | conditions or stipulations |
| warrant (v) | to give formal assurance; to guarantee |
| whereas (conj) | it being the case that; in view of the fact that [in introduction to contracts] |
IMPORT/EXPORT
| Vocabulary | Definition |
|---|---|
| bill of landing (n) | list of goods and shipping instructions; waybill |
| c&f | cost & freight: includes shipping to named port but not insurance |
| c.i.f. | cost, insurance & freight: includes insurance and shipping to named port |
| cargo (n) | goods or products that are being transported or shipped |
| certificate of origin (n) | a document that shows where goods come from |
| customs (n) | 1 government tax or duty on imported goods 2 the people who collect this tax |
| declare (v) | to make a statement of taxable goods |
| customs delaration form (n) | an official document that lists and gives details of goods that are being imported or exported |
| f.a.s. | free alongside ship [includes delivery to quayside but not loading] |
| f.o.b. | free on board: includes loading onto ship |
| freight (n) | goods being transported; cargo |
| irrevocable (adj) | that cannot be undone; unalterable, e.g. irrevocable letter of credit n. |
| letter of credit (n) | a letter from a bank authorising a person to draw money from another bank |
| merchandise (n) | things bought and sold; commodities; wares |
| packing list (n) | a document that is sent with goods to show that they have been checked |
| pro forma invoice (n) | an invoice or request for payment sent in advance of goods supplied |
| quay (n) | a solid, artificial landing place for (un)loading ships; wharf |
| ship (v) | to send or transport by land, sea or air |
| shipment (n) | a load of goods sent by sea, road, or air, or the act of sending them |
| shipping agent (n) | a person acting for or representing a ship or ships at a port |
| waybill (n) | list of goods and shipping instructions |
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
| Phrase | Definition |
|---|---|
| at any rate | used when you are stating one definite fact in a situation that is uncertain or unsatisfactory [= anyway], e.g. They've had technical problems - at any rate that's what they told me. |
| at first glance | when you first look at something |
| at the very most | used to say that you think an amount cannot be larger than the amount you are mentioning, e.g. They've got 50 employees at the very most (=they probably have fewer employees) |
| at the latest | no later than the time mentioned |
| on the contrary | used to add to a negative statement, to disagree with a negative statement by someone else, or to answer no to a question, e.g. It wasn't a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake. |
| on second thoughts | used to say that you have changed your mind about something |
| on reflection | after thinking carefully about it, e.g. At first I disagreed, but on reflection, I realized she was right. |
| in practice | used when saying what really happens rather than what should happen or what people think happens,e.g. In practice women receive much lower wages than their male colleagues. |
| in no circumstances | used to emphasize that something must definitely not happen |
| in particular | especially, e.g. We're proud of our products, Christmas baubles in particular. |
| as a last resort | what you will do if everything else fails, e.g. This kind of transport should be used only as a last resort. |
| up to a point | partly, but not completely, e.g. I agree with you up to a point. |
| off the top of my head | if you say something off the top of your head, you say it immediately, without thinking carefully about it or checking the facts, e.g. Just off the top of my head, I'd say they've got about 50 employees. |
Congratulations, you have finished the course Business Negotiation in English!
